A permanently or temporarily water filled ecosystem.
Most wetlands are formed on flood plains where rivers overflow their banks
River alterations can directly or indirectly alter wetlands
*Global warming by burning fossils limits water supply
*Urbanization results in many problems:
-River siltation and drying from dumping,
-Over extraction of water from rivers or the wetland itself.
-River closures due to the demand for settlements.
*Deforestation
*Farming mismanagement e.g stream bank cultivation can cause debris to choke rivers and wetlands. Excess chemical use causing nutrient pollution
*Mining also cause siltation choking water bodies
*Dam construction which can limit water downstream